lewis



y 'UITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

H. L. B. LEVIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PORTABLE HOT-AIR FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,198, dated September 19, 1845.

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, HENRY L. B. Lnwis, of thecity and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved PortableHot- Air Furnace; and I do hereby declare that the following is a fulland exact description of the construction and operation of the saine,reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of thisspecifica tion.

struction and operation.

ported by 4 legs, 15 inches in height. The diameter of the furnace isabout 25 inches and its height from the base is 50 inches.

See Figures 1 .and 2.

inches projection. i is a circular rim C C encircling a chamber C2, C2,with two openings D, D. See Figs.

9 and 19, to admit cold air through a pipe D leading from the outside ofthe building in which the furnace stands in Fig. 1 this rim C isomitted, its position is shown by` dotted lines at Q. The sides of thesaid cir.`

cular plate of the chamber C, C, rest upon the flange E, E, Figs. 1 and2 and the upper edges come close against the underside o-f the baseplates A, A, Figs.` land 2. In the base plate A are small holes E2 E2,Fig. 4, for the passage of the cold air out of the apartment C2, C2,into the chamber F2, which surrounds the combustion cylinder /z for thepurpose of being heated, care being always taken that no more cold airpass than can be made suflcientlyhot.

The grate G is held to its place by two rods K and J, one of which J ispassed through an eye I cast upon the flange E, thence through the rimB, into a thick part of the circular rim of the grate G- where it ismade fast, by a rivet. The other rod K is passed through a similar eye Icast upon the opposite side of the flange E, and through the rim B, andpasses under the bars of the grate G `into the opposite side of Aroundthe rim B, B,

prevent the rods J and K from being drawn apart, a pin n is passedthrough each of them close to the inside of the ,eyes I, I.

.l The bars of the grate are straight upon To enable others to make anduse my inventio-n Iwill proceed to describe its con-` their uppersurface and concave below as shown in Fig. 15. This form of the bars I Iaifords a way for the rod K to pass under The hot air furnace F 1s of acylindricall shape, resting upon a base A which is supthem. Upon the rodK are strung ve bars g, g, &c., Fig. 9, within the spaces of the gratebars. The mode of Stringing the bars is by passing the rod K through asquare L" hole in each bar g similar to L, Fig. 13,

` where the form of the bars is shown. Upon The base plate A, A, Figs. 1and 2 is S feet in diameter; in its center there is a circular openingO2 in Fig. 4 of 14 inches diaml eter directly below and attached to itby bolts is a circular rim B, B. See Figs. 1,2 2, 9 of the samedimensions as the opening in the base plate'A, A, and at the bottom ofthe rim B, B, there is a flange E of about 4 the outward end of the rodK is a lever or handle N by which the bars g, g, Sac., of the agitatorare made to rock. Suspended from the rod K is a weight M Figs. 1, 2 and9, for the purpose` of keeping the bars g, g, &c., of the agitatorhorizontal. The-rod J which projects outside of the chamber C, C,

is square and upon it is slid a cross bar, Fig.

14, eighteen inches long, which has a corresponding square hole in itscenter. This cross bar is made to slide closely under the base plate A,A, with a bearing Y, Y, Fig. 14 of several inches so as to be able atall times to keep the fire grate, which is riveted to the end of the rodJ in a level position.. It is also constructed with a projection Z uponits lower side, so as to insure the right arovements O'ratev andagitator, is. first bv..

sliding the crossbar Y Fig. 14 along the rod J until the former isbrought, underneath the base plate A, A, Figs. 1 and 2. This operationkeeps the grate in a level position. The weight, M on the rod K is alsofoi" the purpose of keeping theagitator level and in its proper placebetween the bars of the grat-e. The handlel, on the rod K, is used torock the agitator' so as to keep up combustion by freeing the coal ofashes.

more eifectually empty the grate, the cross bar Fig. 14 is moved alongthe rod J, from underneath the base plate A, A, and by turning it, thegrate is made to revolve with ease around the agitator, while at thesame time the agitator is made to rock within the grate with the samefreedom. The shape of the bars of the grate and agitator is such as toinsure a free motion to the agitator at all times, and in'no instance isit interrupted or clogged by coal, clinkers or ashes.

Previous to the operation of turning over t-he grate to free it fromashes and cinders, the ash pan H is raised up 'to the underside ofV theflanges E, E, by turning with the handles, the iron plate X. By thisoperation the du'st is prevented from entering the apartment 'in whichthe furnace is placed. To remove the ash pan with its loadiof ashes andcinders, the plate X is lowered, by turning it upon its screw, untilsufficient room is made to remove it.

The combustion cylinder It, Figs. 2 and 11, which rests over the centerof the opening of the base plate A, A, Fig. 2, has cast upon itscircumference, eight or more vertical radii O, O, Figs. l1, 7 and 2 atequal distances apart and projecting about 3 inches. Between each oft-hese radii O, O, Fig. 11 there are a number of projecting spikes 79, p&c, Figs. 7, 11, 2 and 12. These spikes are cast upon the combustioncylinder, and the following is the mode of construction. First, thepattern of the combustion cylinder is prepared, and around its exteriorsurface where the spikes p, 7U, &c Fig. 7 are to project, several rowsof small holes three-eighths of an inch diameter must be drilled. Whenthe pattern Fig. 11, is imbedded in the sand previous to the operationof casting, the core is taken out, and a suitable instrument similar toFig. 12, 2f;- inches long and inch diameter is taken by the hand, andput through each of the holes, lea-ving a corresponding impression inthe sand. The pattern being removed from the sand, the core is returnedto its place, and after the usual arrangements t-he casting is made. Theinstrument Fig. 12 may be round or of any other shape which may bedesired for the form of the projecting spikes. The advantages to bederived from the use of these radii and spikes upon the exterior of thecombustion cylinder is an increase of radiating surface with smallweight of metal, and giving additional strength to the cylinder.

Upon top of combustion cylinder rests the second circular plate ZJ, b,(Figs. 2 and 6,) 25 inches diameter, and connected with the base plate AA by a sheet iron rim having eight large vertical openings (W, W, &cFigs. 1 and 2) say 8 by 4; inches. Outside of this rim is placed ajacket W2 having handles w and made with corresponding openings that bya circular sliding movement of the jacket, the chamber surrounding thecombustion cylinder may be opened or closed as required. The advantageof having these openings in the rim and the corresponding perforatedjacket is, that when they are inclosed an increase of heat escapes intothe room in which the hot air furnace stands.

It may be remarked that in some cases, when the hot air furnace is used,the apartment in which it is placed, is not required to be heated; theeffect desired being to communicate the hot air to adjoining apartments.In such cases I dispense with aforesaid perforated rim and jacket andsubstitute for them a circular rim of that kind of material which willgive the least amount of radiating influence. Underneath the secondplate b is placed a collar m Figs. 2 and 5 upon the combustion cylinderof sheet iron, perforated with a great number of small holes, to allowthe hot air to escape into the apartment next above. This arrangement isto prevent the hot air escaping too rapidly, before it is sufficientlyheated. Between the collar and base plate A A about midway of thecylinder in space F2 there is placed. another collar fl/ or divisionmade of t sections of sheet iron. (See Figs. 17 and 7.) In thisV collaror division there are a great number of small holes perforated in itnear to the combustion cylinder. This latter division is to cause theair below to pass through the collar near t-o the cylinder.

The second chamber F between the second and third circular plates b andc, c Fig. 2 is over the last. named space F2 surrounding the combustioncylinder. It is inclosed by a circular rim F of sheet iron, and isalso/'a hot air chamber. This chamber, however, is not so hot as the onein which the combustion cylinder is placed. The second plate b Fig. 6has a' hole T in its center of 10 inchesl diameter, see Fig. 6, with aflange around it to receive the end of a pipe Tl Figs. 2 and 6 made ofvery heavy sheet iron,-around this pipe are arranged 7 four inch pipesor tubes made with elbows V V &c Figs. 2, and 6, having about two thirdsof their lower ends closed and one third open-the closing of said rdsbeing effected by the portions of the plate b over which the pipes areplaced, so as to communicate by a similar opening in the aforesaidsecond plate Z) with the interior of the combustion cylinder as at VFig. 6 thus giving a circulation of smoke and heat through these 7 ipes,direct from the fire and with the ai of the 10 inch'pipe, VT- heatingthe air as it passes up through the eight openings 7' near thecircumference of second plate b Fig. 6 from the hot air apartment F2below. The center pipe T and the 7 surrounding pipes V may be con- Viosidered as chimnies to the combustion cylinder. To give greaterradiating surface the form of the 7 pipes V V &c is made to cause thegas from the cylinder to pass through them in an indirect mannen-this isdone by making each pipe with 4; elbows, thus the circulation of the gasis partially checked, giving out more caloric to the surrounding air.

In the chamber F between the 2nd and 3d plates Z), Z2 and c, c in Fig.2, a common .shoot or feeder is placed, with its mouth projecting overthe center of the combustion cylinder for conveying the fuel theretocovered by the door cl, Fig. l. The Jfeeder is of cast iron, having adoor el Fig. l, '7 by 9 inches inlaid handsomely with mica.

The third plate c c Figs. 2, 8 and 10 forming the upper part of secondap-artment is made of the same diameter as the second plate, and has 6openings in lieu of one for the passage of thesmoke. Upon these sixopenings is placed a plate wz of cast iron similar to that shown in Fig.16 with corresponding openings. To this plate is attached a handle A2 A2Fig. 16,-by moving this handle which turns the plate horizontally, theopenings in the 3d plate c may be kept open or closedas the case mayrequire. Should the siX openings R R &c Fig. 10, be closed, a slowdraft, will be kept up through the small openings Z of the 7 four inchpipes.

To concentrate the smoke ascending through the center pipe and the 7surrounding pipes or chimnies a receiver 11 Fig. 2 of sheet iron isplaced over these openings, within the upper chamber of the furnace.Around this receiver in the third plate c, there are eight openings z'corresponding with the eight openings j in the 2d plate, each 2 inchesdiameter to admit the passage of the heated air from the two lower hotair apartments, into this chamber ready for distribution to theapartments in the dwell- C3, Fig. 2 is a cap perforated with a number ofsmall holes. The use of this cap is to prevent the escape of all the hotair through the pipe u when placed vertically over it and to divert theremainder of the hot air into pipes fv laid horizontally orangularly.The same thing may be eiiected by a revolving perforated ramper such asthat shown at c4 Figs. 2 and 3.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The grate andagitator; the bars of the latter working with freedom between thev barsof the former in such a manner as to free the coal of ashes so as toinsure active combustion. Y

2. Also the arrangement of the 'collars m y containing a number vofholes in combination with the combustion cylinder and zig zag smokepipes V, V, for the purpose of preventing the too rapid escape of airinto the apartment next` above before it is sufficiently heated.`

3. Likewise the arrangement of plate b, in combination with thecombustion cylinder it and smoke pipes V, V, as described.

4. And also the arrangement of plate c containing the register C2 forregulating the draft through the coal in combination with the registerC2 and smoke pipes V and combustion cylinder.

H. L. B. LEWIS.. [L s] Witnesses:

WM. H. JENNIsoN, EDWARD W. BISHOP.

